All you need to do is some basic soldering and this watch will be up and running. While the WHDTS clock mentioned before was a 4 digit DIY Digital Clock, the WHDTS C51 is a 6 Digit DIY Digital clock.Ī STEM Based toy, building this DIY kit will be of a great education as it requires no programming language knowledge requirement. Next on our list is yet again the WHDTS DIY Digital Clock. WHDTS C51 6-Digit DIY Digital Electronic Clock Kit Resistors and Power cables needed to assemble itīuy Now From Amazon 3.Military-grade FR-4 PCB of 1.2 MM Thickness.Rated with good reviews, this clock is a great buy. All you need to do is to follow the clear instructions provided in the PDF and you are good to go. This kit demands no programming or high-end mechanical skills. The error range for the clock is about 1 second for every 24 hours. With two alarm clock channels, the clock also chimes every single hour from 8:00 PM to 8: 00 PM (20:00 Hours). This is a 24-hour clock and you cannot switch it to 12 hours simply. This will store on the memory when the power is off and when you turn it back on, it accurately displays the time. While the WHDTS was a 4 digit clock, the Icstation is a 6 Digit clock.Įasy to assemble and use, the kit has a power cut memory function. Great for a middle school project or even for a high school, the DIY clock comes with easy to manage soldering kit. This one is available in either 1 piece or 5 pieces package so you can buy it just as a DIY hobby kit of for your entire class if you are a tutor. Next on our list is the Icstation 6 DIY Digital Clock. Icstation 6-Digital Clock DIY Electronic Soldering Kit With memory function, you can expect the clock to show the correct time even when you turn off the clock and turn it on after a long while too.īuy Now From Amazon 2. Even when you turn off the clock and turn it on, It has an hourly chime function that makes the clock chime from 8:00 PM to 8:00 PM. Once finished, the clock has a seconds correction function and you can switch the display from seconds or to minutes interface. This will teach you the basic soldering skills among much more. It is a great kit that helps teach PCB Soldering and also teach basic electronics to children and a fun kit for DIY enthusiasts.Įasy to assemble and get it running, this STEM educational tool demands no programming language knowledge. WHDTS 4-Digit Digital Clock Kitįirst on our list is the WHDTS 4 Digit DIY Digital Clock Kit. Gikfun C51 Digital LED Electronic Soldering Clock Kit WHDTS C51 DIY Digital Electronic Clock KitĭAOKI C51 LED Electronic Clock DIY Kits Set Icstation Clock DIY Electronic Soldering Kit Now let us jump into the list and review the best DIY Digital clocks available The Best DIY Digital Clocks List Digital Clock Kits There is a separate FAQ section at the end of the article that may answer some of the frequently asked questions for you. Given that a Digital DIY kit is for beginners, we have made sure that the kits listed here are beginner-friendly and easy to assemble and useįinally, all of the products mentioned in the list have been taken after careful evaluation of verified reviews for quality assurance.Īpart from these three, we have considered quite a lot of other factors as well. Cheap plastic-based PCB boards and low-quality products are not considered The first and foremost thing that we have considered is the quality of the parts used in the DIY Kits. This list has been rated and reviewed based on three important factors. In this article, we are going to list down, rate and review the top best available DIY Digital Clock kits. The end result is a fully functioning digital clock that you can either gift this DIY kit to kids or DIY enthusiasts as well. A digital clock kit is one of the easiest and simplest DIY kits that you can get and create on your own.
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You can also explore the giant interior of your capital ship while running to a hangar to join the battle with a smaller fighter and board the enemy ship and sabotage their generators, shields or engine.ĭifferent battle sizes include additional frigates for each team, which also have a full interior to explore and interact with, and can be docked to capital ship or the space station, which has a capture point inside that will give huge advantages to the team controlling it. Control the energy distribution of your ship, raise the shields of each section of the ship individually, or direct energy to the engines, life support or weapon systems. Cooperative space dwarf mining simulator Deep Rock Galactic has crashed into early access, offering a whole new kind of multiplayer experience that combines a little bit of Minecraft, a little bit of Left 4 Dead, a little bit of Fortnite, and a little bit of Warhammer. In just one year, the James Webb Space Telescope has transformed humanity’s view of the cosmos, peering into dust clouds and seeing light from faraway corners of the universe for the. Once the round starts, move your capital ship freely in all three dimensions, shoot the turrets manually or use the ships integrated targeting systems to just focus which points of the enemy ship to focus. To celebrate the completion of a successful first year, NASA has released Webb’s image of a small star-forming region in the Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex. The tour veers northwest from there, finally stopping at the familiar Big Dipper or Plough asterism in Ursa Major.About This Game Deep Space Battle Simulator is a round-based multiplayer first-person online game, where you play as a part of a capital ship crew and try to destroy the enemy team's ship.Īt the start of each round, you can customize your cruisers turrets, fill your hangars with lots of different smaller fighters and choose between numerous upgrades to give you the edge in battle. The number of stars used to draw the star maps is large enough to reveal many globular and open star clusters as well as the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds.Īfter passing near the celestial south pole, the tour moves north along the Milky Way to the center of our galaxy near the teapot in Sagittarius. Also visible as a fuzzy spot near the top of the frame is the globular cluster Omega Centauri. It moves southeast past Orion's canine companion and its star, Sirius, brightest in the sky, eventually pausing at the rich southern hemisphere portion of the Milky Way in Carina and Crux, the Southern Cross.Įast of the Cross, in Centaurus, is the binary star Alpha Centauri, at 4.4 light-years the naked-eye star system nearest to the Sun. Please feel free to contribute by creating new articles or expanding existing ones. We are currently maintaining 5,750 pages (373 articles). The tour starts at W-shaped Cassiopeia, then heads south through Perseus to the winter constellation of Orion the Hunter and the Hyades and Pleiades star clusters in Taurus. Welcome to the Deep Rock Galactic Wiki The Deep Rock Galactic compendium by the players, for the players. The animation demonstrates the use of the maps in a tour of the sky. The galactic coordinate mapping works as a standalone image showing the edge-on view of our home galaxy, from the inside. 'There is an equivalent of a Mach 1 a sound barrier that exists, in terms of galactic cosmic radiation,' Alvin Drew, manager of NASAs Deep Space Habitat Project, said Wednesday (Dec. The celestial coordinate mapping will be the more useful one for animation, since camera rotations in the software will correspond in a straightforward way to the right ascension and declination in astronomy references. The distortion of the stars in those parts of the map is just an effect of the projection. The oval shapes near the top and bottom of the star maps are not galaxies. They are designed for spherical mapping in animation software. The maps are presented in plate carrée projections using either celestial (J2000 geocentric right ascension and declination) or galactic coordinates. The constellation figures also come from the IAU, although they're not official. The constellation boundaries are those established by the International Astronomical Union in 1930. This set of star maps was created by plotting the position, brightness, and color of just over 100 million stars from the Bright Star, Tycho-2, and UCAC3 star catalogs. The Book of Hours’ Place in Medieval European Culture Prior to the fifteenth century, manuscripts (books written, illuminated, and bound by hand) were commissioned by wealthy aristocratic patrons who had the privilege of literacy and education. In The Art of Illumination: The Limbourg Brothers and the Belles Heures of Jean de France, Duc de Berry, Timothy Husband describes the general content and arrangement of French a book of hours: As a result, no two books of hours are the same.ĭespite the individualistic nature of this devotional text, there is a general similarity to the contents of a book of hours and its order. In the French Book of Hours, Reinburg explains that a book of hours was born of a close collaboration between patron, spiritual advisor, scribe, and artist. Another key factor adding to the popularity of the book of hours was that the contents could be personalized to reflect the practice of the individual and their city or region rather than purchasing a generic manuscript constructed by a single commercial or liturgical entity. Commissioning a book of hours was ideal for the wealthy devout to combine their fervor for religious piety and their desire to display their wealth and status. The popularity of this type of manuscript reflected the development of a wealthier middle class and an increase in literacy amongst men and women from wealthy and wellborn families. The book of hours became so popular and ubiquitous that scholars have referred to them as a ‘medieval best seller’, of which several beautiful examples may be virtually browsed through the Metropolitan Museum of Art's digital collection. The devotionals and prayers were read and recited daily at eight designated hours of the day following the Christian year: Matins at 12:00 am (and the longest of the hours), Lauds at 3:00am, Prime (the beginning of the cycle) at 6:00am, Terce at 9:00am, Sext at 12:00pm, None at 3:00pm, Vespers at 6:00pm, and Compline at 9:00pm. This layman’s devotional book centered around The Virgin Mary in the Little Office of the Blessed Virgin, driven by the cult of the Virgin popular at the time. A book of hours was composed of excerpts taken from the breviary, a text used by the clergy to follow the Divine Office. The devotional text guided the spiritual life of the layperson, offering them the opportunity to emulate the clerical lifestyle but at a less rigorous standard. Golden, the Harold Hyam Wingate Foundation, Roger and Julie Baskes, Chicago, USA, and an anonymous donor.A book of hours is a prayer book designed for the laity, in use from the fourteenth century to mid-sixteenth century. Supported by grants from the Arts & Humanities Research Council, the Getty Foundation "Il Circolo" Italian Cultural Association, the American Trust for the British Library in memory of William T. For more current bibliography and other information please search our main manuscripts catalogue at Search Our Catalogues, Archives and Manuscripts.įull digital coverage of selected manuscripts is also available on Digitised Manuscripts.įor details of how to use the system, see our search tips. New records are added at each update and some records have been modified and updated.Įntries may include select bibliography only. Please note that only selected manuscripts in the Additional collection and no manuscripts in the Cotton collection are included in the Catalogue. Please see guidance notes on Access and Reuse. download digital images for further reuse such as in educational contexts, placing on your blog or sharing with others. check the illustrated glossaries of terms. explore the virtual exhibitions of various aspects of the British Library's western illuminated manuscript holdings and perform an advanced search using different types or combinations of information look for information about a particular manuscript if you know its collection name and manuscript number perform a simple search using keywords and dates perform a quick search (this searches for a word or number in all sections of each catalogue entry, including images) Patients who are pregnant or suspected of being pregnant unless the potential benefits of a procedure using radiation outweigh the risk of maternal and fetal damage.Evaluate the patient’s response to a therapeutic regimen ( antibiotic, chemotherapy).Monitor progressions, resolutions, or maintenance of disease.Evaluate positive purified protein derivative (PPD) or Mantoux test for pulmonary tuberculosis.Confirm correct placement and position of the endotracheal tube, tracheostomy tube, chest tubes, central venous catheters, nasogastric feeding tube, pacemaker wires, intraortic balloon pump, Swan-Ganz catheters, and automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator.Detect known or suspected pulmonary, cardiovascular, and skeletal disorders.Assist in the diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia, lung tumors, and metastasis.Here are some of the reasons why a Chest x-ray is performed: Nursing Responsibilities for Chest X-ray.This diagnostic and laboratory procedure study guide can help nurses understand their tasks and responsibilities during a chest x-ray. Providing a calm and relaxed environment for the patient is indeed vital. In addition, producing a good quality image relies on the ability of the patient to cooperate, such as holding breath for a while. Nurses are responsible for ensuring the patient’s comfort while at the x-ray room since some may experience pain from injury or symptoms from a disease condition, as well as the apprehension about what the result may show. In the onset of the disease process of asthma, tuberculosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chest x-ray results may not correlate with the patient’s clinical status and may even be normal. Rib detail images may be taken to delineate bone pathology, helpful when chest radiographs illustrate metastatic lesions or fractures. Expiration images may be needed to identify a pneumothorax or locate foreign materials. For critically ill patients who cannot leave the nursing unit, a portable x-ray machine is performed at the bedside using anteroposterior (AP) projections with an addition of a lateral decubitus view if a free flow fluid or air is suspected.Ĭhest images should be examined in full inspiration and erect if feasible to reduce cardiac magnification and demonstrate fluid levels. Other projections such as lateral decubitus, lordotic views, or oblique views can also be requested. A basic chest x-ray includes a posteroanterior (PA) view, in which x-rays pass from the back to the front of the body and a left lateral view. Air spaces normally seen in the lungs appear dark on the chest films. A chest x-ray is a painless, non-invasive test that uses electromagnetic waves to produce visual images of the heart, lungs, bones, and blood vessels of the chest. Chest X-ray (Chest radiography, CXR) is one of the most frequently performed radiological examinations. Helldivers is not a game of micro transactions. It all depends on what happens after release, if people want more different enemies to fight – that may be what we’re aiming for. The after-launch support has not yet been decided, but as with Magicka we do want to support the game with various updates in the coming year. How do you plan to support Helldivers after launch? Will there be Downloadable Content or micro transactions? Each Galactic Campaign lasts 4-6 weeks and the challenge of the campaign is dependent on the performance of the entire community in the previous campaign. These events give double experience, and should the community fail to defend a planet, the region will be lost. From time to time, the enemy will try to counterattack, spawning events where you have to defend a city planet from invading enemies. Each time a player completes a planet their progress is uploaded and their contribution to the Galactic Campaign will be registered. However when played offline, mission progress will not contribute to the global galactic campaign.īy playing Helldivers, every player in the world participates in a global meta campaign called the Galactic Campaign. You can play the game offline with 1-4 local players. There are not only female Helldivers, there are male too! You will unlock new equipment and gear as you rise in ranks. Is there any character customization? Are there female characters? But we want to keep some of the surprise until you play the game! :) Then we have the Cyborg nation, a race of bionically augmented separatists with heavy armor and weapons. There are of course the space Bugs, a crustacean-like race of varying sizes and types. Helldivers is released on PC too! However, Helldivers is not released on Xbox. Will Helldivers be released on PC or Xbox? No risk of growing tired of the game before it’s even done. But we’ll be happy to deliver you a full experience from the start instead, playing a polished game with everyone else. We are targeting 60fps on PS4 and targeting 30fps on PS3 and Vita. No, but PS4 remote play and PS4 sharing is. In true Arrowhead spirit, Helldivers features full “friendly” fire, allowing you to “accidentally” kill your friends, again. Yes, at any time another player can join the action. You can have two on the PS4, one on the PS3 and one on the PS VITA for example. Helldivers offers 4-player local and online co-op multiplayer, and any combination in between (except for the Vita which doesn’t really support local co-op since it only has one controller). Will it have local multiplayer or only online play? Yes, between PS4, PS3 and VITA, with full Cross-Save and Cross-Chat. Now we’re excited to the point of bursting to finally release Helldivers to all of you! We’re happy to say the game is massively improved from what it would have been during summer. Quite a challenge with a small team that hasn’t touched the platform before and with many small things to optimize. Then there was the issue of getting the game to run smoothly on the VITA. The testers all reported the same thing: Helldivers now needed a seriously improved tutorial and user interface. Helldivers needed cooler stratagems, more weapons, better enemies, richer worlds, more choices! But with more complexity comes also a higher barrier to understanding the game. As the game grew in quality and complexity, so did Sony’s eagerness to support our quest for the Best Game Ever™. March 3 – US, March 4 – EU, March 5 – Asia.Īs you’ve all noticed, the first tentative plans of a summer release were replaced with ‘it’ll be done when it’s done’. Hardcore, cooperative, twin stick shooter. We will keep updating this Q&A with any question that we can reply to. Have a look if yours has been answered and if not, feel free to ask it in the link provided in the bottom. To answer a bunch of your most pressing questions we’ve put together this Q&A with the most common ones. What an overwhelmingly excited response we’ve gotten from the HELLDIVERS release date announcement! Other standard features include notifications of backup status, only backing-up on selected Wi-Fi connections, ransomware protection, active disk cloning, along with Backup Statistics, Activity logs and the all-in-one recovery tool called Survival Kit. There’s end-to-end encryption to keep those files safe and secure, and you can search for backed up files both on your local hard drive as well as the cloud to recover files. Plus, the backup will run in the background to make sure that you’re not disturbed while you’re working. Recovery options similarly let you hand pick files to restore if you don’t want to recover the whole lot.Ĭustomisable backup plans let you choose how often you want to back up fully, and let you backup the most important files more regularly. You can pick and choose files and folders, or play it really safe and back up the whole computer, including Windows itself. In the Advanced package there’s even video-conferencing security that stops spying on Zoom, Cisco WebEx and Microsoft Teams.Įven if you go for the cheapest Essentials tier, you get an array of backup tools. Though backup remains the core focus, the new antivirus element provides real-time scanning alongside on-demand antirvirus scans, plus web filtering to guard against malicious websites. That’s why it felt it had to change the name True Image to something that more accurately describes what it does today. The company reckons that backup software is incomplete if it doesn’t protect your files from cyberattacks. In fact, it’s the only package we’re aware of that combines backup with disk imaging (hard drive cloning) and antivirus. You can back up to your computer’s hard drive (not recommended), an external drive, a NAS drive or even link your Dropbox, OneDrive or Google Drive account.Īcronis Cyber Protect Home Office (which used to be called True Image) is just about the most comprehensive backup software you’ll find. This adds the ability to transfer a system to a different PC hardware and has special tools for Outlook email backup & recovery, and comes with 250GB of cloud storage (though you can pay extra to upgrade to 1TB).įor those with simple backup needs, the Free version offers enough tools to make local backups. £36.56/$39.95 for a single year or you can a perpetual license with a lifetime of updates for That’s because EaseUS wants you to pay for the Home version. The Free version doesn’t include absolutely everything (and some features which appear to be available are not when you click on them). You can schedule backups to run so they’re made when you’re not using your PC. There are also options for backing up only the changes made since the last backup, which saves time and storage space (incremental and differential). It’s possible to back up individual partitions (even the one Windows is on), or back up individual files and folders if you’d prefer. You won’t get the elegant new interface or some of the improved support for cloud services, but it’s still a powerful toolĮaseUS Todo Backup Free is – as the name implies – a free backup app that offers step-by-step instructions to help you quickly and easily backup and recover your files. That means you can’t choose specific files or folders, but it also means it’s very easy to use, and gives you the security that you’ve backed up everything. It’s a cut-down version that only backs up hard drive partitions or whole Windows systems. Other notable features are encryption, versioning, compression (7Zip/LZMA), automatic backup verification, and a scheduler to ensure that backups run when it’s most convenient.Īshampoo Backup Pro 16 costs £44.99/$49.99 but is often available at a discount, with the company offering the software for £26.99/$29.99 at the time of writing.įor half even those prices, Ashampoo also offers what it callsīackup Pro 2021. These include your local drive, external storage, as well as a wide range of cloud-based solutions such as OneDrive, Dropbox, Google Drive, any NAS, and it also works with OneDrive Business and Office365. That’s very helpful because there are plenty of features on offer.īackup Pro 16 allows either specific files, an entire disk partition, or the whole system (Windows included) to be backed up, so you can completely restore a PC after a crash or other catastrophic event.īackground backups mean that you don’t have to stop using your PC while the process runs, plus there is now better support for destinations that can be used to store those created. The interface is clean and easy to understand, with wizards that walk you through the backup process. Ashampoo is a slightly strange brand name from a German company that has steadily improved its Backup Pro app for many years now. Thanks to this feature you never have to worry that the wires might start to rust or corrode due to the long-term use. High-Quality Material This stovetop wire netting grill is made out of high-quality 304 stainless steel material that ensures much higher durability of the wires. If you activate these cookies, information about your use of this site can be shared with advertising and analytics partners from other sites that you are visiting. Best Of Best Stove Top Wire Netting Grill Turbokey Canning Rack. These cookies allow the website to personalise content and ads, and to analyse visitor traffic. These ads will also appear when browsing other websites. When the hood closes, the warming racks hang about 5 inches above the BBQ grill's heat source, keeping the food warm while remaining high enough above the flame to prevent the food from burning. If you activate these cookies, you will be able to view ads targeted to your interests and preferences. What Grill Warming Racks are Used For BBQ warming racks often hang from the inside of the BBQ hood. They can be used for targeted advertising / offers, limiting ad serving or measuring the effectiveness of a promotional campaign. Grill Wire Rack (3996 products available) Food Grade 304 Stainless Steel Wire Mesh Grill Baking Tray / Cooling Grid Rack 8.50 - 9.00. BESTONZON 2pcs Stainless Steel Round Steamer Rack and Cooling Rack Wire Baking Steaming Rack with Stand for Air Fryer In. These are cookies that are used to deliver content that best suits you and your interests. Delaman BBQ Rack BBQ Grill Rack Replacement Double Layer Wire Skewers Baking Tray for Philips Air Fryer Read Review. The information these cookies collect may be anonymised and they cannot track your browsing activity on other websites. These cookies can also be used to remember changes you have made to text size, fonts and other parts of web pages that you can customise. These cookies allow the website to remember choices you make (such as your user name, language or the region you are in) and provide enhanced, more personal features. From here you can apply filtering, create pivot tables, add graphs, etc. Common Fields How to Customize IIS Log Files IIS provides a few settings for customizing your IIS log files within the IIS Manager console. That’s it! You’ve now taken a difficult to work with log file and converted it into an Excel spreadsheet. This cmdlet will collect all relevant data regarding database fail overs from server EXCH1 and EXCH2 and store them at Z:DataLogs.
He was elected to the National Academy of Medicine in 2014, received the President’s Senior Executive Distinguished Service Award, and was a White House Fellow from 2007 to 2008. Conway is a practicing pediatric hospitalist. Before joining CMS, he oversaw clinical operations and quality improvement at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center.ĭr. From 2011 to 2017, he served as Deputy Administrator for Innovation and Quality at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services and as director of the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation and the agency’s Chief Medical Officer. Conway was president and chief executive officer of Blue Cross and Blue Shield of North Carolina from 2017-19. He joined Optum in February 2020 and previously served as the chief executive officer of Care Solutions, where he led a portfolio of care continuum businesses serving over 70 million people across acute and post-acute care, care in the home in-person and virtually, mental and behavioral care benefits and delivery, broad population and complex disease health management, specialty care and government health services.ĭr. In this role he leads an integrated pharmacy care services organization that is making drugs more affordable and creating a better experience for consumers, filling more than 1.5 billion adjusted retail, mail and specialty drug prescriptions annually. Patrick Conway, MD, MSc, was named chief executive officer of Optum Rx in August 2023. She earned a master’s degree in health care delivery science from Dartmouth College and a J.D. Prior to UnitedHealth Group, Cianfrocco worked in private legal practices in Pittsburgh where she concentrated on corporate and securities law, representing health care entities in mergers and acquisitions. In addition, she was a former member of the United Health Foundation Advisory Board. Before that, she was chief executive officer of UnitedHealthcare Community & State, senior vice president of Health Advancement and Clinical Transformation for UnitedHealthcare Medicare & Retirement, and chief executive officer of state and regional health plans. She previously served as chief executive officer of Optum Rx and chief executive officer for Optum’s Health Services where she was responsible for behavioral health benefits, population health solutions and medical benefit management. With a focus on delivering the highest quality value-based care to the consumer, Optum Health serves 103 million people and Optum Rx serves nearly 63 million people.Ĭianfrocco serves as the executive sponsor of UnitedHealth Group’s LGBTQ+ employee resource group and is a member of the Women’s Leader Advisory Council, which supports talent engagement, provides mentorship and creates collaboration and community for women across the enterprise.Ĭianfrocco joined UnitedHealth Group in 2008 where she held numerous leadership roles. In this role, Heather’s focus is the simplification and integration of our high-quality pharmacy services, including behavioral health, specialty and infusion pharmacies, and our direct medical and behavioral care delivery in the office, ambulatory setting, home or institution to make high-quality, comprehensive care more accessible and affordable for everyone we serve. She is responsible for leading Optum’s comprehensive pharmacy and care-delivery capabilities across the entire care continuum with a focus on value-based care and the integration of medical, behavioral and pharmacy services. Heather Cianfrocco is president of Optum. In television, one of the earliest manifestations of the steampunk ethos in the mainstream media was the CBS television series The Wild Wild West (1965–69), which inspired the later film. In fine art, Remedios Varo's paintings combine elements of Victorian dress, fantasy, and technofantasy imagery. The Adventures of Luther Arkwright was an early (1970s) comic version of the Moorcock-style mover between timestreams. The film Brazil (1985) was an early cinematic influence, although it can also be considered a precursor to the steampunk offshoot dieselpunk. Titus Alone (1959), by Mervyn Peake, is widely regarded by scholars as the first novel in the genre proper, while others point to Michael Moorcock's 1971 novel The Warlord of the Air, which was heavily influenced by Peake's work. Several more modern works of art and fiction significant to the development of the genre were produced before the genre had a name. Steampunk is influenced by and often adopts the style of the 19th-century scientific romances of Jules Verne, H. 1902) by Albert Robida showing a futuristic view of air travel over Paris in the year 2000 as people leave the opera Various modern utilitarian objects have been modded by individual artisans into a pseudo-Victorian mechanical "steampunk" style, and a number of visual and musical artists have been described as steampunk. Steampunk also refers to any of the artistic styles, clothing fashions, or subcultures that have developed from the aesthetics of steampunk fiction, Victorian-era fiction, art nouveau design, and films from the mid-20th century. The first known appearance of the term steampunk was in 1987, though it now retroactively refers to many works of fiction created as far back as the 1950s or earlier A popular subgenre is Japanese steampunk, consisting of steampunk-themed manga and anime, with steampunk elements having appeared in mainstream manga since the 1940s. As a form of speculative fiction, it explores alternative futures or pasts but can also address real-world social issues. Steampunk may also incorporate additional elements from the genres of fantasy, horror, historical fiction, alternate history, or other branches of speculative fiction, making it often a hybrid genre. Other examples of steampunk contain alternative-history-style presentations of such technology as steam cannons, lighter-than-air airships, analog computers, or such digital mechanical computers as Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine. Such technologies may include fictional machines like those found in the works of H. Steampunk features anachronistic technologies or retrofuturistic inventions as people in the 19th century might have envisioned them - distinguishing it from Neo-Victorianism - and is likewise rooted in the era's perspective on fashion, culture, architectural style, and art. Steampunk works are often set in an alternative history of the Victorian era or the American "Wild West", where steam power remains in mainstream use, or in a fantasy world that similarly employs steam power. Steampunk is a subgenre of science fiction that incorporates retrofuturistic technology and aesthetics inspired by 19th-century industrial steam-powered machinery. Science fiction genre inspired by 19th-century industrial steam-powered machinery Original illustration of Jules Verne's Nautilus engine room "Maison tournante aérienne" (aerial rotating house) by Albert Robida for his book Le Vingtième Siècle, a 19th-century conception of life in the 20th century |
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